Online Ministry to the Christian Homeschool Community.
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Bringing knowledge to children,
and children to God.
Language Arts
BEGINNING READERS
Lessons in this reading instruction handbook address phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
WORD STRUCTURE
I suggest you spend the first five minutes of the instructional day on word knowledge. For more details, look at the weekly lesson plan
LITERARY
RESPONSE/
ANALYSIS
Students read and respond to a wide variety of significant works of children's literature, distinguishing between the structural features of the text and the literary terms or elements.
LITERARY ANALYSIS
Comprehension and Analysis of Text
COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES
Using Pictures / Context to make Predictions - Kindergarten
PRE-READING STRATEGIES
(See the Comprehension Handbook)
Structural
Features of
Literature
NARRATIVE ANALYSIS OF TEXT
This is an unfinished handbook on the genres.
Described the structural differences of various imaginative forms of literature, including fantasies, fables, myths, legends, and fairy tales.
Narrative Analysis of Text
3.1 Distinguish fantasy from realistic text.
Read each passage carefully. On the line that follows, write whether the genre is a tall tale, fantasy, biography, or expository text.
Decide if the text is fiction, nonfiction, a novel, expository text, a play, an essay, or an article.
Things that are make-believe could never happen. Things that are real could.
3.2 Identify the main events of the plot, their causes, and the influence of each event on future actions.
3.3 Use knowledge of the situation and setting and of a character's traits and motivations to determine the causes for that character's actions.
3.4 Compare and contrast tales from different cultures by tracing the exploits of one character type and develop theories to account for similar tales in diverse cultures (e.g., trickster tales).
3.5 Define figurative language (e.g., similarly, metaphor, hyperbole, personification) and identified its use in literary works.
Theme
Figurative Language
EVALUATING NEW INFORMATION (Click on the following topic . . .)
FOLLOWING MULTIPLE-STEP INSTRUCTIONS
ENGLISH LANGUAGE CONVENTIONS
First page on identifing sentences.
Instructional sheet on identifying sentences (predicates, etc.)
Predicate indentification worksheet
Worksheet for distinguishing between simple subjects and simple predicates.
Analyzing sentences in terms of the subject.
Worksheet on distinguishing between simple and complete subjects.
Another worksheet on distinguishing between simple and complete subjects.
An introduction
Lesson sheet.
Guidesheet with directions on forming plural nouns.
Write the correct plural form of each of the nouns appearing inside the parentheses.
Guidesheet with directions on forming contractions.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE CONVENTIONS
Half finished worksheets.
Half finished worksheets on identifying verbs.
Help students master and retain grade-level skills in language mechanics and expression through targeted, daily practice.
Help students master and retain grade-level language skills through focused, daily practice with paragraphs that represents the types of text they encounter in their daily reading and writing activities across the curriculum.
SENTENCE
STRUCTURE
Use your mouse to put the words in order so monkey can make it to his destination before sundown.
Unscrambled the sentences so that they make sense.
Choose a subject, a verb, and a sentence ending that makes sense.
Select the best words to complete the sentences and turn a polluted pond into a paradise.
Figure out if each group of words is a complete sentence or a sentence fragment.
A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought.
A subject is the person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about.
A complete subject is all the words that tell who or what is doing the action in the sentence.
The simple subject is the main word or words in the complete subject of a sentence.
In order for a sentence to make sense on its own, a sentence must have a subject and a predicate.
A predicate is the word or words that tell what the subject of the sentence is or does.
A complete predicate is all the words that tell what the subject of the sentence is or does.
A simple predicate is the main word or words in the complete predicate of a sentence. (The simple predicate is always a verb.)
A compound predicate is two or more predicates that have the same subject. They are joined by and, or, or but. Three or more predicates need commas to separate them.
Forming compound subjects.
Identify which group of words constitute sentences.
Click on the ending that makes a sentence, then click the OK button.
Recognize and identify dependent and independent clauses and phrases.
Drag eaach sentence part with its car to the correct lane.
A Project LA Activity
A simple sentence is a sentence that expresses one complete thought. A simple sentence contains only one independent clause.
A compound sentence is a sentence made up of two or more independent clauses connected by a comma and the conjunction and, or, or but.
A complex sentence is A sentence made up of an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Help the fox cross the park by clicking on the answer that tell what kind of sentence is shown.
Interestisng writers change the type and the length of their sentences.
Identifying statements, questions, commands, and exclamations.
Have some type of sentence extension activity here!
Handbook
GRAMMAR
Identify and use the eight basic parts of speech in writing and speaking.
NOUNS
Project LA Activity
Look at the underlined noun. Then choose the correct answer to show more than one.
PRONOUNS
Following each sentence, write a pronoun that could substitute for the underlined word or words.
Win points by getting your personal pronouns right.
Type in the correct pronoun to fill in the blank.
Click on the correct pronoun to move through the reef.
Click and drag the correct answers to form a sentence.
adjectives
VERBS
Click on the verb to see it in action.
Choose the correct verb tenses
The Parts of Speech
Grammar
Click on the correct response. There are 26 items total.
Click on the correct respose.
Drag the word to the proper box.
Select a topic.
Drag the words to complete the sentences
Build the sentences brick by brick.
Magic key activities: Sentences making sense.
Play this Jeapardy-like game for fun.
PUNCTUATION
1.4 Use parentheses, commas in direct quotations, and apostrophes in the possessive case of nouns and in contractions.
1.5 Use underlining, quotation marks, or italics to identify titles of documents.
Students will learn the importance of using commas correctly in a variety of situations.
CAPITALIZATION
1.6 Capitalize names of magazines, newspapers, works of art, musical compositions, organizations, and the first word in quotations when appropriate.
WRITING
STRATEGIES
(HOW they write)
Organization and Focus
- Author's Aim, Purpose, and Audience
Everything that is written has an aim, a purpose, and an audience.
- Author's PurposeCarefully read each of the topics below. Then write what the author's purpose might have been on the line that follows.
1.1 LS Set a focus, an organizational structure, and a point of view based on purpose, audience, aim, and format requirements. 4
1.2 Create multiple paragraph compositions:(a) provided introductory paragraph, (b) established and support a central idea with a topic sentence at or near the beginning of the first paragraph, (c) include supporting paragraphs with simple facts, details, and explanations, (d) conclude with a paragraph that summarizes the points, (e) use correct intention 4
- Similarity and Difference
- Posing and Answering a Question
- Worksheet for Supporting a PositionRewrite the sentences in the correct order.
- TheWriteSource.comHere are some examples of real writing created by real students! (If your pop-up blocker is on, try holding down either the Ctrl or Shift key while clicking on the link.)
1.3 Use traditional structures for conveying information (e.g., chronological order, cause and effect, similarity and difference, and posing an answering a question).
PENMANSHIP
Penmanship
Research &
Technology
1.5 Quote or paraphrase information sources, citing them appropriately.
1.8 Understand the organization of almanacs, newspapers, and periodicals and how to use those print materials.
1.9 Demonstrate basic keyboarding skills and familiarity with computer terminology (e.g., cursor, software, memory, disk drive, hard drive).
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
Using Reference Materials 1.7 - 4
Understanding Printed Materials
Using Technology 1.9 - 4
Revising and Editing 1.10 - 4
1.5 Quote or paraphrase information sources, citing them appropriately.
1.6 Locate information in reference texts by using organizational features
(e.g.,prefaces, appendix is).
1.7 Use various reference materials (e.g., dictionary, thesaurus, card catalog,
encyclopedia, online information) as an aid to writing.
1.8 Understand the organization of almanacs, newspapers, and periodicals and how to use those print materials.
1.9 Demonstrate basic keyboarding skills and familiarity with computer terminology (e.g., cursor, software, memory, disk drive, hard drive, search).
Evaluation and Revision
1.10 Edit and revise selected drafts to improve coherence and progression by adding, deleting, consolidating, and rearranging text. (See "Write narratives")
APPLICATIONS
(WHAT they write)
- Plannning a StoryUnfinished tutorial on planning a story
- Setting the Mood of a StoryWhen planning a story you need to think about setting the right mood. In this activity, you have to choose the right words to fit a particular style of story. There are three to try.
- Story Planning QuizAssessment on the main points of planning a story.
- 1.1 GreatSource.com: Writing a NarrativeThis is a short online tutorial to learn strategies for writing stories, whether true or fictional (If your pop-up blocker is on, try holding down either the Ctrl or Shift key while clicking on the link.)
2.1 Write narratives: (a) relate ideas, observations, or recollections of an event or experience, (b) provide a context to enable the reader to imagine the world of the event or experience, (c) use concrete sensory details, and (d) provide insight into why the selected event or experience is memorable.
2.2 Write responses to literature: (a) demonstrate an understanding of the literary work, and (b) support judgments through references to both the text and prior knowledge.
INTERACTIVE WEBSITE:2.3 Write information reports: (a) frame a central question about an issue or situation, (b) include facts and details for focus, and (c) draw from more than one source of information (e.g., speakers, books, newspapers, other media sources).
2.4 Write summaries that contain the main ideas of the reading selection and the most significant details.
SPELLING
1.7 Spell correctly roots, inflections, suffixes and prefixes, and syllable constructions.
Word search activity online
Interactive Game for 2 Players
Find your way to the Cave of Stone Wonders. Click on the correct plural spelling or correctly spelled abbreviation to replace the word or words in parentheses (Interacitve Game)
Quia Spelling Bee's commonly misspelled words
English Zone (Yuk! You have to register to use this site.)
Eva Easton's words with silent letters
Write I before E Except after C
Or when it sounds like an A As in "neighbor" and "weigh"
Click here for the practice exercises.
This is an instructive and interactive lesson on when to double the final consonant.
Hangman game using spelling words with double letters.
Choose a grade and a unit.
This is a seventh grade spelling Game
Here is an interactive activity to practice adding suffixes Online Test
When we want to lengthen a word sometimes we need to change the end of the word first.
Look carefully at these words which end in -y and think about the changes when a suffix is added.
Fill a tank with tropical fish using your knowledge of irregular plurals.
Students will learn to identify and use contractions.
Build Sentences as quickly as you can using word bricks you see at the bottom of the screen.
Everything that is written has an aim, a purpose, and an audience.
Carefully read each of the topics below. Then write what the author's purpose might have been on the line that follows.
SPELLING
CONNECTIONS
ONLINE
Select a Grade and a Unit, then click "Load game."
Home spelling practice book and homework spelling practice pages worksheets
Select a Grade and a Unit, then click "Load game."
Select a Grade and a Unit, then click "Load game."
Select a Grade and a Unit, then click "Load game."
Fill a tank with tropical fish using your knowledge of irregular plurals.
Students will learn to identify and use contractions.
Build Sentences as quickly as you can using word bricks you see at the bottom of the screen.
LISTENING & SPEAKING
STRATEGIES
Comprehension
1.1 Understand and follow one- and two-step oral directions (Kindergarten).
1.1 Ask thoughtful questions and respond to relevant questions with appropriate collaboration in oral settings.
1.2 Summarize major ideas and supporting evidence presented in spoken messages and formal presentations.
1.3 space Identify how language usages (e.g., sayings, expressions) reflect regions and cultures.
1.4 Give precise directions and inch corrections.
Organization and Delivery of Oral Communication
1.5 Present effective introductions and conclusions that guide and inform listeners understanding of important ideas and evidence.
1.6 Use traditional structures for conveying information (e.g., cause and effect, similarity and difference, and posing and answering a question).
1.7 Emphasize points in ways that help the listener or viewer to follow important ideas and concepts.
1.8 Use details, examples, anecdotes, or experiences to explain or clarify information.
1.9 Use volume, pitch, phrasing, pace, modulation, and gestures appropriately to enhance meaning.
Analysis and Evaluation of Oral Media Communication
1.10 Evaluate the role of the media in focusing attention on events and in forming opinions on issues.
SPEAKING APPLICATIONS
2.1 Make narrative presentations: (a) relate ideas, observations, or recollections about an event or experience, (b) provide a context that enables the listener to imagine the circumstances of event or experience, (c) provide insight into why the selected event or experience is memorable.
2.2 Make informational presentations: (a) framed a key question, (b) include fax and details that help listeners to focus, (c) incorporate more than one source of information (e.g., speakers, books, newspapers, television or radio reports).
2.3 Deliver oral summaries of articles and books that contained the main ideas of event or article in the most significant details.
2.4 Recite brief forms (i.e., two or three stanzas), soliloquies, or dramatic dialogs, using clear diction, tempo, volume, and phrasing.
RESOURCES
Learn to read with phonics fun.
TrinityTutors.com
Publications:
LINKS
KINDERGARTEN
Copyright © 2007 Jewels Educational Services. Subject to Terms of Use. Read Our
BEGINNING
READING
Students read and understand grade-level-appropriate material, identifying the basic facts and ideas in what they have read, heard, or viewed, and drawing upon a wide variety of comprehension strategies as needed.
Half-started handbook for the home educator.
Learn to read with phonics fun.
This instructor's handbook provides explicit, step-by-step, easy-to-follow directions on how to teach beginning readers.
This teacher's handbook not only outlines how to teach reading comprehension, but rather, a complete language arts program, including both reading and writing.
CONCEPTS
ABOUT
PRINT
STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF INFORMATIONAL MATERIALS
(Grade Four)
CONCEPTS OF PRINTED MATERIALS
Students will locate the title, table of contents, name of author, and name of illustrator.
Concepts About Print (Kindergarten)
1.5 Distinguish letters from words
1.6 Recognize and name all uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet.
Phonemic Awareness
1.7 Track and represent the number, sameness/difference, and order of two and three isolated phonemes
1.8 Track and represent changes in simple syllables and words with two and three sounds as one sound is added, substituted, omitted, shifted, or repeated
1.9 Blend vowel-consonant sounds orally to make words or syllables
1.10 Identify and produce rhyming words in response to an oral prompt
1.11 Distinguish orally stated one-syllable words and separate into beginning or ending sounds
1.12 Track auditorily each word in a sentence and each syllable in a word
1.13 Count the number of sounds and syllables and syllables in words
DECODING
& WORD
RECOGNITION
Recognize and use knowledge of dspelling patterns when reading (Second Grade)
Students learn the /aw/ sound and identify the sound in words.
Students review the letter y and its long e sound through song.
Students review the long vowel sounds of a, e, I, o, u.
Demonstrate fluency with r controlled vowels , high frequency words and quotation marks in reading passage.
2 *** SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
Match all consonant and short-vowel sounds to appropriate letters / ă / - K
Match all consonant and short-vowel sounds to appropriate letters / ă / - K
Read simple one-syllable and high-frequency words.
Online e-books
1.1 Read narrative and expository text aloud with grade-appropriate fluency and accuracy, and with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression - 4
written by Marilyn Frankford, illustrated by Gloria Gedeon
written by Sarah Kondon, illustrated by Kevin Sullivan
VOCAB./
CONCEPT
DEVELOP.
1.17 Identify and sort common words in basic categories (e.g., colors, shapes, foods).
1.18 Describe common objects and events in both general and specific language.
1.17 Classify grade-appropriate categories of words (e.g., concrete collections of animals, foods, toys).
1.7 Understand and explain common antonyms and synonyms.
1.8 Use knowledge of individual words in unknown compound words to predict their meaning.
1.9 Know the meaning of simple prefixes and suffixes (e.g., over-, un-, -ing, -ly).
- Old Time Word Show Students watch this interactive animated video to learn about idioms and how they are used.
- idioms An alphabetical listing of idioms.
Students apply knowledge of idioms to determine the meaning of words and phrases
WORD
STRUCTURE
- Word Knowledge Breaking words down into their compound parts (roots, prefixes, and suffixes).
Students apply knowledge of word origins and derivations, to determine the meaning of words and phrases.
1.3 Use knowledge of root words to determine the meaning of unknown words within a passage.
- Fish Tanks 1 Fill a tank with tropical fish using prefixes, roots, and suffixes.
- Crystal Castel Prefixes hold the key to building the castle and making it light up.
1.8 Use knowledge of prefixes (e.g., un-, re-, pre-, bi-, mis-, dis-) and suffixes (e.g., -er, -est, -ful) to determine the meaning of words.
1.4 Know common roots and affixes derived from Greek and Latin and use this knowledge to analyze the meaning of complex words (e.g., international).
- Homonyms, Synonyms, Antonyms This animated video explains the difference between synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms.
- Tossed Up Talents Students will be introduced to word analysis by identifying various homophones that sound the same, but are spelled differently, and have different meanings.
- Concentration Match pairs of homonyms
- Lego Ergo Sum: Synonyms This animated educational video uses an an interactive conversational format to deliver instruction on synonyms.
- Word Herd: Synonyms This animated game show involves the learner in picking out synomyms, replacing words with their synonym, selecting definitions, choosing examples, and determining the meanings of words in context.
- Synonym Challenge Try to identify the correct synonyms in a race against time.
- Rocket to the Moon Build and launch a rocket to the moon by identifying synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms.
- Field Trip Take a school field trip by unscrambling the synonyms.
- Antonym Challenge Try to identify the correct antonym in a race against time.
- Squanky the Tooth Taker Help Squanky get kids teeth by finding words with opposite meaning
- Synonyms and Antonyms Put these synonyms/ antonyms back together again
- Find the Antonym Click on the correct response. There are 26 items total.
1.4 Use knowledge of antonyms, synonyms, homophones, and homographs to determine the meanings of words.
FIGURATIVE
LANGUAGE
- Analogy Lesson sheet that explains the concept
- Awesome Analogies Figure out why the first pair of words go together so that you can finish the second word pair.
- Analogy Challenge Try to complete the analogies in a race against time.
- hyperbole Print an X next to each sentence that is an example of hyperbole
Polygon
quadrilateral
parallelogram
etc...
1.5 Demonstrate knowledge of levels of specificity among grade-appropriate words and explain the importance of these relations (e.g., dog/ mammal/ animal/ living things).
- Using the Context Click on LESSON 13: Context Clues / Words or Phrases to Help You Find the Meaning
- Cows Build corrals for cows by using the context to answer questions.
1.6 Use sentence and word context to find the meaning of unknown words.
1.7 Use a dictionary to learn the meaning and other features of unknown words.
1.5 Use a thesaurus to determine related words and concepts.
1.10 Identify simple multiple-meaning words.
1.6 Distinguished and interpret words with multiple meanings.
READING
COMPRE-
HENSION
The Strategies
Comprehension and Analysis of Grade-Level-Appropriate Text
Students will use appropriate strategies when reading for different purposes, such as full comprehension, location of information, and personal enjoyment.
The Skills
Structural Features of Informational Materials
- Author's Purpose Click on video LESSON 4: Author's Purpose
- Author's Point of View and Frame of Reference Click on "Identifying Frame of Reference and Point of View" under "Critical Thinking and Reading."
- Point of View Write whether the passage was written from the first-person or third- person point of view
- Aim, Purpose, Audience Lesson Sheet defines and explains the concept of Aim, Purpose, Audience. Link to worksheet.
- Compare and Contrast Click on video LESSON 42: Compare & Contrast / Fill in a Venn Diagram
- Compare and Contrast Lesson Sheet defines and explains the concept of compare and contrast. Link to worksheet.
- Compare and Contrast Click on "Comparing and Contrasting" under "Critical Thinking and Reading."
- Cause and Effect Lesson Sheet defines and explains the concept of Cause & Effect. Link to worksheet (a) and worksheet (b).
- Identifying Cause and Effect Click on "Identifying Frame of Reference and Point of View" under "Critical Thinking and Reading."
- Sequential or Chronological Order Lesson Sheet defines and explains the concept of sequential and chronological order.
- Sequencing Click on "Sequencing" under "Critical Thinking and Reading."
- Main Idea and Supporting Details Click on video LESSON 47: Main Idea, Comprehension of Paragraph
- Fact and Opinion Click on "Distinguishing Fact and Opinion" under "Critical Thinking and Reading."
- Proposition and Support Lesson Sheet defines and explains the concept of proposition and support.
- Proposition and Support This lesson sheet explains the concept.
- Inferences & Conclusions Click on "Drawing Inferences & Conclusions" under "Critical Thinking and Reading."
2.1 Students will dentify structural patterns found in informational text -- such as compare and contrast, cause and effect, sequential or chronological order, proposition and support) -- to strengthen their reading comprehension.
